[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.ateneo.cz\/kdo-jsou-sekundarni-akteri-v-obcanske-valce-v-syrii\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.ateneo.cz\/kdo-jsou-sekundarni-akteri-v-obcanske-valce-v-syrii\/","headline":"Kdo jsou sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed akt\u00e9\u0159i v ob\u010dansk\u00e9 v\u00e1lce v S\u00fdrii?","name":"Kdo jsou sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed akt\u00e9\u0159i v ob\u010dansk\u00e9 v\u00e1lce v S\u00fdrii?","description":"Mezi sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed akt\u00e9ry m\u016f\u017eeme za\u0159adit pr\u00e1v\u011b akt\u00e9ry mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed podporuj\u00ed jednu nebo druhou v\u00e1l\u010d\u00edc\u00ed stranu. Nejd\u0159\u00edve se budu v\u011bnovat akt\u00e9r\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed podporuj\u00ed al \u2013 Assad\u016fv re\u017eim. Mezi tyto akt\u00e9ry m\u016f\u017eeme za\u0159adit Rusko a \u00cdr\u00e1n. \u00cdr\u00e1n je bl\u00edzk\u00fdm spojencem S\u00fdrie ji\u017e od doby ir\u00e1nsk\u00e9 islamistick\u00e9 revoluce v roce 1979. Vztahy mezi t\u011bmito stranami se prohloubily p\u0159i","datePublished":"2021-09-04","dateModified":"2023-06-08","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.ateneo.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.ateneo.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4bf629230dc34158290ba5b10491f45b3bfbba94b88af3386c3da2fed730f430?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4bf629230dc34158290ba5b10491f45b3bfbba94b88af3386c3da2fed730f430?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"ateneo.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.ateneo.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/s%C3%BDrie%20vlajka.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.ateneo.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/s%C3%BDrie%20vlajka.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.ateneo.cz\/kdo-jsou-sekundarni-akteri-v-obcanske-valce-v-syrii\/","about":["Politika"],"wordCount":476,"articleBody":"Mezi sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed akt\u00e9ry m\u016f\u017eeme za\u0159adit pr\u00e1v\u011b akt\u00e9ry mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed podporuj\u00ed jednu nebo druhou v\u00e1l\u010d\u00edc\u00ed stranu. Nejd\u0159\u00edve se budu v\u011bnovat akt\u00e9r\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed podporuj\u00ed al \u2013 Assad\u016fv re\u017eim. Mezi tyto akt\u00e9ry m\u016f\u017eeme za\u0159adit Rusko a \u00cdr\u00e1n. \u00cdr\u00e1n je bl\u00edzk\u00fdm spojencem S\u00fdrie ji\u017e od doby ir\u00e1nsk\u00e9 islamistick\u00e9 revoluce v roce 1979. Vztahy mezi t\u011bmito stranami se prohloubily p\u0159i n\u00e1stupu Bashara al \u2013 Assada v roce 2000. Kdy\u017e v roce 2011 vypuk\u00e1 ob\u010dansk\u00e1 v\u00e1lka, S\u00fdrie sest\u00e1v\u00e1 pln\u011b z\u00e1vislou na \u00cdr\u00e1nu. \u00cdr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 revolu\u010dn\u00ed gardy se proto st\u00e1vaj\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dovou oporou a sou\u010d\u00e1st pro re\u017eim. Od roku 2021 \u00cdr\u00e1n poskytuje Assadov\u00fdm vojensk\u00fdm jednotk\u00e1m poradce z Isl\u00e1msk\u00fdch revolu\u010dn\u00edch gard, zahrani\u010dn\u00ed \u0161\u00editsk\u00e9 bojovn\u00edky z Hizball\u00e1hu a dal\u0161\u00ed bojovn\u00edky z Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu, P\u00e1kist\u00e1nu a Ir\u00e1ku. \u00cdr\u00e1n zakl\u00e1d\u00e1 tak\u00e9 provl\u00e1dn\u00ed milice, kter\u00e9 bojuj\u00ed v z\u00e1jmu syrsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy proti protivl\u00e1dn\u00edm skupin\u00e1m.Druh\u00fdm akt\u00e9rem, kter\u00fd se aktivn\u011b p\u0159ipojil a podporuje S\u00fdrii je Rusko. Rusko intervenovalo na \u00fazem\u00ed S\u00fdrie v roce 2015, kdy\u017e za\u010dala s leteck\u00fdmi \u00fatoky na opozici a oblasti ovl\u00e1dan\u00e9 Isl\u00e1msk\u00fdm st\u00e1tem. Rusk\u00e1 intervence m\u011bla za n\u00e1sledek zlep\u0161en\u00ed Assadovy pozice v konfliktu a rusk\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edtomnost byla nav\u00edc zpe\u010det\u011bna bilater\u00e1ln\u00ed dohodou v roce 2015, mezi akt\u00e9ry. Tato dohoda zahrnuje body jako: rusk\u00e1 letadla m\u016f\u017eou b\u00fdt na syrsk\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed po dobu neur\u010ditou, syrsk\u00e9 spr\u00e1vn\u00ed org\u00e1ny nemohou kontrolovat rusk\u00e9 s\u00edly a rusk\u00fdm sil\u00e1m je poskytnuta pln\u00e1 imunita proti jak\u00fdmkoliv proh\u0159e\u0161k\u016fm sp\u00e1chan\u00fdm na \u00fazem\u00ed S\u00fdrie. Rusko sv\u016fj vliv nad v\u00fdchodn\u00edm St\u0159edomo\u0159\u00edm umocnilo v roce 2017, kdy se syrskou vl\u00e1dou uzav\u0159ela dohodu o sv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edtomnosti na syrsk\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed a\u017e do roku 2066.Nem\u00e9n\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm akt\u00e9rem, kter\u00fd vyjad\u0159uje podporu al \u2013 Assadov\u011b re\u017eimu je \u010c\u00edna. S\u00fdrie pro \u010c\u00ednu nikdy nebyla prioritn\u00edm \u00fazem\u00edm pro sv\u00e9 aktivity. Ov\u0161em to neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee by \u010c\u00edna nesledovala p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti, kter\u00e9 by pro n\u00ed mohly plynout v pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9m obdob\u00ed z pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 obnovy regionu. Jej\u00ed z\u00e1jmy v regionu jsou zejm\u00e9na bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed a ekonomick\u00e9. \u010c\u00edna si v\u016f\u010di S\u00fdrii vyty\u010dila n\u011bkolik hlavn\u00edch bod\u016f v r\u00e1mci sv\u00e9 politiky, a to udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed konstruktivn\u00edho vztahu s vl\u00e1dou v Dama\u0161ku, kter\u00e1 je stabiln\u00ed, p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e1 a schopn\u00e1 zabr\u00e1nit \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed nadn\u00e1rodn\u00ed d\u017eih\u00e1distick\u00e9 \u010dinnosti z jej\u00edho \u00fazem\u00ed a rozv\u00edjen\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho partnerstv\u00ed.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.4\/5 - (12 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Kdo jsou sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed akt\u00e9\u0159i v ob\u010dansk\u00e9 v\u00e1lce v S\u00fdrii?","item":"https:\/\/www.ateneo.cz\/kdo-jsou-sekundarni-akteri-v-obcanske-valce-v-syrii\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]